Horizontal burner



1 44- J. E. FARRELL HORIZONTAL BURNER Filed June 10, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet l June/whoa efo'sejfiaEfirre ll,

' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .m -T m w NMN m 1x kw Mn m k @W l N M a Q s 4 $5 6.??? l K 1 Q mm W N June 13, 1944.

Patented June 13, 1944 UNl'lfED STATES, PATENT OFFICE g HORIZONTAL BURNER I Joseph ElFarrellpTomsRiver, N. J'., assignor to National Engineering Foundation, 1110., Washingto'n, D. 0., a corporation of Delaware Application June 10, 1942,:Serial No. 446,507

2 Claims. lei. 155-53) This invention relates to gaseous fuel burners of the type which convert raw fuel into gas before it is mixed with air to support combustion.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a burner of the horizontal or gun type utilizing dry gas. To that end the invention contemplates novel features of construction for supporting the gas generating means efliciently and effectively in the burner barrel. I g

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction which is simple toimanufacture and easy to install and maintain.

With the above and other objects in view, which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully illustrated and described.

A preferred and practical embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is'a side elevation of a burner embodying the present improvements.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view illustrating the improvements on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. i

Fig. 4 is a detail cross sectional view taken on the line 4'4 of Fig. 2. r

Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several figuresof the drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be observed that the invention includes in its organization, a barrel designated generally as A, which is open at its front end, while its rear end is connected by suitable fastenin'gs to a blower and its casing designated generally as B. The barrel A is surmounted by a hood C which may conveniently behinged as indicated at D to the upperportion of the blower casing. The general assembly thus described may be mounted on a suitable standard or support E, the same being preferably adjustable through the medium of'a threaded base socket and a mating screw stem in order to adjust the barrel A at the desired height from the floor relative to the fire box of the furnace with which it is used. 1

Within the barrel A there is provided a suitable gas producing means which is supplied with raw fuel through fittings positioned externally of the barrel and covered or housed by the hood C, previously referred to. The gas producing means includes a gasifying retort R and a 'flame initiator construction designated generally as F; The retort R. .and flame initiator F are mounted withina tubular sleeve or carrier G, of less internal diameter than the barrel A. and. provided with a plurality of side or radial openings G. This carrier is concentrically supported within the barrel by means of the spacing washers H which in one instance cooperate with the threaded shank H of the spark plug S, and in another instance with the screw fastening or its equivalent H In other words, the threaded shank H" of the spark plug has, its lower end threaded into a threaded opening of the carrier G and likewise the shank of the when these elements are in place, the carrier ,is

properly supported and spaced in ,the barrel.

, The flame initiator F preferably includes a cup-like housing I having a side wall provided with ribs 2 offset at desired angular intervals which engage the interior of the tubular carrier G to support the cup-like member in position to provide the air passage 3' around the outside of the same.. The bottom of the cup-like membergl is provided with a central opening l for "receiving air from the blower B, and inwardly of said opening the cup-like member is provided with an annular flange 5 which holds an air diffuser '6. The latter preferably consists of a body portion provided with a plurality of openings or channels 1 which-direct-air coming in through the opening 4- againstthe pilot 8 supported on a short .pipe section 9 connected with the elbow fitting III of the initial fuel supply pipe II. The pilot 8 preferably consists of a pairof discs having flanges which are telescoped to provide a fuel receiving chamber 8a, the discs being held together by'the o hollow rivets 8b or their equivalent. One side of the pilot 8 is pro vided with a cup-like windshield -8cfor the pur pose of deflecting air passage through openings 1 around and about thesides of thepilot. The sidewalls of the fuel chamber 8a areprovided with lateral openings 8d on theupper portion thereof so as Itov be adjacent to the; inner ter-'- minalof the spark-plug S. I

The tubular carrier- G is'wprovided medially of its, interior with an air deflecting and diffusing member having the skirt portion l2rwhich is of less diameter than-the cup-like member- I. and is connected bythecurved wall l3"with-the annulus M which engages the inner 'face of the carrier G a The skirt l2 "and wall 13 cooperate with the inner wall of'the carrier G to .'pick up air from the blower and return it to the air diffuser 1 so as to increase the volume of air directed against the Windshield 8c of the pilot device 8. The annulus I4 is provided with inwardly directed arms I5 which support an aspirating ring l6 which shields the open ends of the gas outlet tubes ll of the retort, and, at the same time, produces a vacuum; as airproceeds from the blower toward the nozzle end of the barrel A, for the purpose of aspirating dry gaseous fuel from the retort R. As will be seen from Fig. 3, the retort R is provided with four aspirating tubes I1. 1

Referring now more particularly to the retgrt,

it will be observed that the sameincludes a case ing designated generally a 8 which may E formed by a pair of cup-like members whose side walls are telescopically interfl-ttedand =whose-end ,Sis cutloff -when the flame initiator isiactivated .andthen the main supply :valve 26:15 opened to insure continued supply of fuel to the retort R.

,Lleat from the flame initiator F heats the retort and gasifies fuel trapped in the chamber R.

r-heigaspasses through the opening or port 22a into the chamber R where it is further heated and ;t hence;i nto1the chamber R. where it rece ves'itsflnalheating prior to being aspirated "through the tubes or pipes I! by the vacuum pro- =d'i1cing iaspirating ring H5.

walls l9 and |9a are held together by hollow .sleeve 20. The interior of the retort is provided with a plurality of annular ibaflles 2| 1 and '22 which are placed onthe-slee'veflfl :in spaced relation before (side walls of-the casing i l 8 :are -rtele scoped. The ebaflle 1-2 I sis provided with. openings -2 l d at opposite sides .of its axis, that is, aboveand below the e sleeve whereas the baflle 22 :is provided with an opening -22a1ateone-ipoint only, abovethe sleeve 20. Since thebaflle 222 is solid except for-the opening ':22a, -it.-- will be apparent that liquid fuel may trapped :in the: chamber --R' --fori-ned 'by -thesaid baflle' 22 and the outer end wall 19 of -the casing. The fuel-isisu-pplied' by the pipe -23 ---wh0se discharge lend sterminates within the chamber just referred to, above the. opening 22d. The bafile 2l 'forms the chamberslR and =3 I 'he retort :R', consisting of the parts described 'is centeredin the tubular carrier .6 by the spider 24.

li'lieraw fuel supply pipe 23, above referred to, extends rearwardly -fro1'n the retortand has a -por-tion-thereof bent at an obliqueangle :so as :to bring the intake portion thereof concentricwith the @pipe 9 previously referred to in connection with :the fiame initiator =unit F. As will be seen from Figs. 2 and-4, the pipe 23 i-sof,- smaller di ameter than the pipe 9 and extendsbeyond the fitting 1H1 to connect with Ia-fitting 25- which is in piped communication with a main-supply valve 26. The said valve 26 may also be connected with an auxiliary valve 2-1 which controls the supply of fuel :-to the flame initiator through the pipe H. 'Bothwalves 2:6- and ll-:communicate with a tank or other reservoir through the medium ofasupply line Knot shown) connected with the threaded:'n'ipplew28.

In the example illustrateduthe. main liquid fuel supply valve .26 and the flame initiator valve 21 are connected by a common passage 29. It will,

, of course, be understood that the valves 26 and 21 may' be of any conventional automatic type which respond alternately to thermostat demand. In the present instance, however, these valves are shown as being manually operated which requires manipulation of the stem or each-individual valve for'starting and sustained operation. For example, if the burner is to'be s ta;rted,the stem of the main supply valve Z-B-Kmaybe manipulated to open position -for a brief inter-val, while the stem of thvalve 21 remains closed to permit raw fuel to' pa'ss through 'the pipe 23 -'to the retort chamber R; ---Ihe stem of the valve 2 6 is then manipulated to .close the -maimsupply and :the stem of the :valye 21 :is zthen'ropen to 'letla quantityofkraw duel into the pipes H-,9 so as to fill ithe pilot-8.1 Thespiarking device *5 iis It wilhbe apparent that flame from the flame initiator or pilot device will envelope the retort ,1R :both directly through -,:the :interior .cf .the rearrier .G and :also because the flame can escape through the openings :G'- in the; carrier. After gasggenerationthasgbeen startedin the retort and gas is aspirated through :the :tubes |:1.','Ti1 Wi1l ignits in :the zone ;of :the :openings ,G' rand-thus thereafter :maintain the TBIJOrtfR :in a continuous bath .Qr swirl of :fiame s0 cthat continued gasification of the incoming .supply of,1ra,w (fuel is mai ta nediby the:heat nsiflamei ssui from: the nozzle e l Qflthe barrelof-theiburner;

I claim;

1 A gaseous fuel rburnen, comprising, in .combinatipn, a blower includinga housing, a barrel cqmmuni a in -w.. h :the iblower housing :to con- $11 .9 a stream -the tef Qm; la igasiryin unit disposed n the -said .aire;streamrofuthebarrel and including, a tubular paltriemoj glessdiameter than the barrel :meausror-suspendin t e a ie i theb rel; Pamdtrelatiomthereto toprovide-an air space between the carrier and [the inner. surce $.Q he bar el, a r asifyins ret rt su p t d at the outlet end ofsaidcarrier saidretort havinarea watd y extending; as discharge .tubes, -.me.=rn.s :s ie d ng;;the Qutlet ends ofjsaid as tubes from the direct blast of the air stream and tendin to produc a vacuum in said fi s tubes when the air stream passes sai d-means,* a fiame u tiatq un t sup oqrted th intak end o th carrier and exposed toitheair iblastlissuing from saldab owfia said carrier :ha in :mesiial openin s fe admi tin air :f om th space :between the same and the barrel into the carrierin the-zone c s e-seas tubes v ve contml ed p pe eans leading into the barrel for supplying liquid fuel respectively to -the retort and flame initiator, and

mite d v carr e -by the bar el and havts m rkin t n di osed {infla propa atins mg QXim trt -the flame nit atoreqees o 's :iu l bur er Q thegun y erm- QlQ inai cqm i aticn, a blower and a horizontal barrel for- -,c onducting the -air;stream from the blower, means within;the :barrel for generating gas from liquid fuel, said meanscomprising a tubularflcarrier of less diameter thanthe 'barrel and having side; openings, means for supporting the carrierin -the barrel toprovidean air space between -the :inner face of the barrel and the outer face of the carrier,,said space also communicating withsaiclopenings in the carrier, a'gas generating r'etort supported'in the outlet end of the barrel and having rearwardly extending gas discharge tubes, -meansyshie1ding the .outlet ends of the .gas tubesfrom direct impingement by the air stream and cooperating {therewith to induce a vacuum in the tubes and retort, a flame initiator unit supported at the inlet end of said carrier, means for supplying liquid fuel respectively to the said retort and to the flame initiator unit, and ignition means for starting the flame initiator unit, whereby when liquid fuel is supplied to the retort and the flame initiator unit, and the fuel supplied the latter has been ignited by said ignition means, air from the blower will force the flame from the flame initiator unit through the carrier to engulf the retort in flame to gasify liquid fuel therein whereby gas thus generated and said air will produce a gaseous mixture to sustain flame propagation at the outlet end of the barrel.

JOSEPH E. FARRELL. 

